They show delayed responses to verbal requests and instructions and often will ask someone to repeat what has been said. They have trouble distinguishing between words or syllables that sound alike (auditory discrimination) and recalling what they heard (poor auditory memory). Individuals with APD often are unable to hear sounds as words and have learning problems, including difficulty in reading, spelling, and language comprehension. Consequently, it remains challenging to diagnose, manage and treat, given the wide variety of symptoms grouped under the label, the complex relationship between APD and other disorders and disabilities, and uncertainties about its cause(s). The hearing difficulties associated with APD occur despite typical hearing thresholds, thus audibility of sounds per se is not the cause. These include challenges in recognizing which sounds are important and which are background noise telling one sound apart from another locating where sounds are coming from remembering sounds in the order they are heard and experiencing additional difficulties in understanding after exposure to loud noises. The umbrella term describes a heterogeneous group of disorders of central auditory processing identified in an ever increasing population, spanning infancy through the elderly and of diverse etiology due to various underlying pathologies, all leading to difficulties in making sense of the sounds that one hears. With APD, the way the brain translates those sounds is disrupted, resulting in jumbled messages. A person with APD can hear sounds in fact, many have typical audiogram results. APD is the result of impaired neural function. Auditory processing disorders (APD), also known as central auditory processing disorders (CAPD), occur when the brain is unable to process sounds.
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